...That's where another two-dimensional cousin - chromium germanium telluride (CGT) - comes in. Using what Xia calls the most sensitive magnetic microscope in the world - the fibre-optic Sagnac interferometer - the team observed a microscopic flake of CGT measuring just two atoms thick, several microns long, and a few microns across. To put that into perspective, the width of a single human hair ranges from approximately 17 to 180 microns. At temperatures of -233 degrees Celsius (-387 degrees Fahrenheit) the team was able to confirm and measure CGT's magnetic properties...
As Tegmark explains in his paper, published in the journal Chaos, Solitons & Fractals:
"Generations of physicists and chemists have studied what happens when you group together vast numbers of atoms, finding that their collective behaviour depends on the pattern in which they are arranged: the key difference between a solid, a liquid, and a gas lies not in the types of atoms, but in their arrangement.
In this paper, I conjecture that consciousness can be understood as yet another state of matter. Just as there are many types of liquids, there are many types of consciousness.
However, this should not preclude us from identifying, quantifying, modelling, and ultimately understanding the characteristic properties that all liquid forms of matter (or all conscious forms of matter) share."
...How could the bacteria act on the brain to alter appetite? "Our first hypothesis was that these bacteria might be providing the flies with the missing essential amino acids," Santos explains. However, the experiments did not support this hypothesis...
...A dosage of between 2,000 and 3,000 grays, if it was effectively absorbed by the human body (i.e. sieverts), would usually be more than enough to cause acute radiation sickness and death. In this case, though, the beam was so focused that it just passed straight through his body; if it had been more scattered, and fried a wider smattering of cells, Bugorski would certainly have died...
The method that the researchers used on the strategic memory training group was something called “method of loci” training. It’s the brain training mechanism used by most participants in memory competitions and tournaments, and has been used for centuries—even by the ancient Greeks and Romans. It’s essentially a type of mnemonic device that trains your brain to memorize words by placing them in a location that is familiar to you (loci means place in Latin). This familiar place is often a specific route you know well, like the walk you take from home to work or school, or a specific room in your house. It becomes what’s known as your “memory palace”.
About 90% of all the brain’s neurons are located in the cerebral cortex, mainly in the "grey matter", which makes up the surface regions of the cerebral cortex, while the inner "white matter" consists mainly of myelinated axons, over 170,000 km of them. As many as five times that number of glial cells exist to support the active nerve cells.
Size comparison of the entire universe 2017 in 3D. From the fabric of space-time itself, we journey outwards to subatomic elementary particles, to atoms, molecules, viruses, bacteria, cells, animals, planes, ships, buildings, mountains, countries, moons, planets, stars, solar systems, black holes, nebulas, galaxies, superclusters, supercluster-complex and finally the universe, but it goes beyond that...
Researchers successfully used a modified form of vitamin A, called locked retinal, to induce the recycling mechanism and engage proteins central to human vision. The targeted proteins include light-sensing rhodopsin, which belongs to a family of proteins -- G protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs -- that sit in cell membranes and transmit external cellular cues into internal cell signaling pathways. The discovery opens a new therapeutic opportunity for modified retinals that help improve vision, and offers a major improvement over current therapeutics designed to perturb cell signaling in the eye...
Creativityis a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed. The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).
SYNOPSIS:In a busy life,Copi is a father who tries to teach the right way to his son,Paste. But... what is the correct path?
At the super-small level of all things quantum, most bets are off in terms of the rules of normal physics. Still, there are some behaviors in this arena that researchers felt they could count on – such as the way entangled photons operate. But new research out of the University of East Anglia (UEA) in the UK has now shown that even those tiny particles of light don't behave as we previously thought.
And while those entangled photons can separate after they emerge from the crystal, the thinking has always been that they originate from one single point inside the crystal. The new research has shown that they can actually be generated from different parts of the crystal.
...Though the cars can only be 100 atoms in size—every racing league has its rules—teams are free to design them however they think is ideal. Some work like tiny windmills, while others roll on four reels like the human-scale race cars we’re more familiar with...
